One of the most effective ways of setting yourself apart
professionally in these turbulent times is by unleashing your
"inner innovator". Learning to do this will differentiate you by
making you the person who knows how to add value to your
organization. How can you increase your innovative capacity and
that of your enterprise?
A first step is to bust open the myth that creativity is a gift
that a few select people are born with. Actually, we all have
the potential to be creative. Perhaps not to the same degree, but
we all do have innate creative abilities. As children, we were
all more creative than we are today. This premise has been tested
out many times over the years. For example, 1,600 five-year-olds
were given a creativity test used by NASA to select innovative
engineers and scientists, and 98 percent of the children scored
in the "highly creative" range. These same children were
re-tested five years later and only 30 percent of the
10-year-olds were still rated "highly creative". By the age of
15, just 12 percent of them were ranked in this category, while a
mere 2 percent of 200,000 adults over the age 25 who had taken
the same tests were still on this level. Creativity is therefore
not learned, but rather unlearned.
Unless you go through a second childhood or hire a bunch of
5-year-olds, what can you do to tap into that innovative
potential? First it would be useful to consider what creativity
really is. I contend that creativity is about collecting and
connecting dots ... dots being ideas, disciplines, ways of
looking at problems, and experiences. As Albert Einstein once
said, "Imagination is more important than knowledge. Knowledge is
limited. Imagination encircles the world." In fact, knowledge
is, in my opinion, the enemy of innovation. I am always amused
when someone, upon finding a lost item, says, "Can you believe
it? It was in the last place I looked." Well of course, who
finds something and then continues to look for it? The same
thing is true when looking for a solution to a problem. Once
your brain finds what it thinks is the best solution, it stops
looking. Where do we look for these solutions? We tend to look
into our memory banks of what has worked in the past. And for
those of you out there who are experts, I'll bet you "find" an
answer quite quickly. Unfortunately, your solution might not be
new, innovative, or even good. What we need to do is train our
brain to keep looking, even when we have found an answer.
The reason children are so creative is that they look at the
world with fresh eyes. They are always collecting dots that they
eventually string together. Everything is a new experience. And
rarely do kids jump to quick solutions. However, once they start
going to school and socializing with other children, they are
forced to fit it. Peer pressure drives conformity. Education
focuses on the regurgitation of facts rather than on gathering
new experiences. At university, you choose a major and then
become an expert in that area. As we get older we find things in
life that we like, to the exclusion of all else. We read the
same sections of the newspaper. We watch the same movies. Eat
the same food. Socialize with the same people. Read the same
magazines. And we tend to find ways of operating that work for
us. We use those modes continually without trying anything new.
Our communication style. Our view of the world. Our political
thoughts. As we get older, instead of collecting dots, we begin
a process of dot elimination. We ride down the same path over
and over.
What can be done to reverse the effects of time? The key is to
restart the process of collecting and connecting dots. Much has
been written on the techniques for sparking creativity and
innovation. In fact, there are over 2,500 books with the word
"innovation" in the title. A large portion of these are focused
on "event-based" techniques for generating new ideas. That is,
approaches to be used during brainstorming sessions. These<
approaches may be a "5-step process", "7 techniques" or "9
tools". Although these are useful, I want focus on approaches
that change the way you see the world. Approaches that, with
practice, help make innovation an every day activity. As
Aristotle has written, "We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence
then is not an act but a habit".
In the next two articles, I will describe what I call "The Four
Thinking Lenses". These are four ways of looking at the world:
thinking like a Pack Rat, a Matchmaker, a Kid, and a Contrarian.
These lenses will help you collect and connect dots. But more
importantly, they will shape your view of the world, which will
subconsciously change your actions and behavior. And that will
ultimately lead to different (and hopefully better) results.
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Stephen Shapiro is the author of 24/7 Innovation and founder of
The 24/7 Innovation Group. He has advised many of the world's
leading organizations, from BMW WilliamsF1, ABB and UPS to Lucent
and Xerox. For more information, go to: http://www.24-7Innovation.com.
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